Midterm exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Midterm exam - Essay Example It is on this account that men will use their positions and wealth to influence vulnerable women to have sex with them, only to abandon them later once they have satisfied their lust regardless of the consequences of their actions, which may include unplanned pregnancies. As such, allowing abortion becomes a key element towards protecting poor women from becoming single parents without intent as well as reducing poverty and street crime. A child deserves to have a better life i.e. access to quality education, healthcare, good nutrition among other basic necessities such as shelter and clothing. Apparently, a poor mother, who cannot even sustain herself, has nothing to offer her child and this implies that families built on this sort of foundation eventually has a high probability of becoming a liability to the society and the government at large. In fact, these are the people who unfortunately end up in the streets begging for assistance as well as conducting heinous acts such as pro stitution and robbery. In this light, abortion enables one to exercise her right to decide on the best time to become a parent, when she has accumulated all the necessary courage and economic stability to sustain herself as well as her offspring (Heary 22). Most of the societies set considerably high moral standards, which prohibit fornication alongside other irresponsible sexual behaviors such as prostitution and adultery. For example, the church has always advocated for celibacy as a natural method of solving dilemmas such as HIV/AIDS among other sex related issues (Beckwith 108). This has influenced greatly the way the society perceives those unfortunate persons who intentionally or otherwise find themselves in these predicaments such as pregnancies out of wedlock. These people are discriminated against as they are perceived to be immoral and therefore, a shame to the society and the families which they come from. Some of the societies will even exclude them from their affairs fo r it will be apparent that they are a bad influence and bad examples to their age mates as well as the generation below them. To avoid all this, it would be of great significance to abort the child in order to maintain the level of standards expected by the society, by concealing sexual involvement. Abortion is also a way of controlling high population growth. In this case, it would be necessary to point out that I come from China, a country which is categorized as one with the highest population, of approximately 1.3 billion people, and which is expected to rise to approximately 1.6 billion people by the year 2025 (Beckwith 109). Due to this, the country has set up a one child policy, in order to slow down the rate of births. However, it has been noticed that there are those who fail to observe this policy, and goes ahead to have more than one child, especially in the rural areas, where analysts indicate that there is the culture whereby couples prefer the birth of boys as opposed to girls, mainly due to inheritance issues. In this context, if the first child is a girl, the parents cannot rest there for they will definitely have no heirs to their property and therefore, they have to bear more children until that time when a baby boy is born. It has been noted that such couples usually lie during census so as to protect themselves from facing the

Case analysis for Bank of America Essay Example for Free

Case analysis for Bank of America Essay Expand current app to include basic credit card and mortgage functions to increase market share of expanding mobile transaction market and shift customer activity to cost-effective channels. BOA’s entrance into local mobile payment and person-to-person P2P mobile shopping market (tap a large and growing market that currently lacks the regulation of banks and â€Å"added security†. I would like to divide strategy into two parts, short term and long term. The short term strategy is to solve the problem that how we define our market, and define population to be targeted with mobile strategy. Retain existing functionality. Enhance current app by adding basic credit card and mortgage features (increase passive customer engagement and minimize complexity). Increased customer engagement and cross-selling to make sure increasing transactions and save money. The long term strategy has three steps to executive. (1 Integrate Credit Card and Mortgage business into current Bank of America Mobile App. (2 Introduce Bank of America e-commerce app which includes local mobile payment and person to person capabilities. (3 Expand to international markets using existing mobile apps to create â€Å"virtual banking† regardless of physical branch presence. For local mobile payment, Bank of America should reduce transaction cost to Bank of America and merchants. Merchants reduce costs associated with current point of sale credit card services. Instant access via Bank of America e-commerce to business accounts and transaction history. Eliminating more expensive consumer and merchant transactions could save cost to Bank of America. For person-to-person, it should cut out the middleman which means reduced transactional costs. Secure payment system that is regulated and insured like a bank, unlike the currently the only established competitor,  PayPal. P2P market has a large potential for growth, estimate 2.4 billion e-commerce transaction in 2014 and 78 million active PayPal users, 3 billion â€Å"under-banked† consumers worldwide. The benefits of its app are at following sentences. 1) Leverage Bank of America as first online and mobile bank. 2) Cost efficient way to provide additional services to existing consumers and reach previously unreachable customers. 3) Without the existing company, PayPal, there is a few competitors in this market. 4) Costs include programming and maintenance of application after roll-out. There are other additional benefits. 1) New customers poached from other bank is 38 million transactions in 2010 and 119 in 2014. 2) Expand its reach into mobile transaction market as all customer groups experience increased convenience and streamlining of banking needs. 3) App for free = limits the barriers to entry. 4) Enhance features increase the likelihood of customers finding value in mobile banking. Bank of America’s market share of mobile transactions will increase as credit card and mortgage customers from all groups utilize the app and extend their activities with the bank (as seen in Bank of America’s lessons from online banking). Incremental transactions made by mobile customers will come at a reduced expense to Bank of America.

Is Global Warming a Hoax? Essay -- environmental issues, climate change

Is global warming a hoax? Anyone who listens to the news for sure very often comes across a news anchor stating how the Earth’s climate is changing. Global warming is a term that creates fear among many. But with all the open and uncensored media out there how do we know that this is not a lie or cover-up? So what does global warming actually mean and is it really true? If global warming is such a big deal why are we taking our time to act? The climate of the Earth has been changing way before the industrialization era began; way before we started to dig up fossil fuel, burn it and put carbon into the air. So if this has been happening for a long time, what is the huge fuss about it? Many believe this is just a fuss. Looking at the financial perspective, many beneficiaries have popped up due to the investment in green-friendly materials. One of the notable people who made sky rocketing financial gains after his investment within the green-industry riches is Al Gore, an American politician, advocate and philanthropist, who was the 45th Vice President of the United States, under President Bill Clinton. Larry Bell states: In 2004, Gore co-founded London-based Generation Investment Management (GIM) with Senator Feinstein’s husband, former Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. Managing Director David Blood to invest money in businesses that were â€Å"going green†. Public filings show that GIM raised profits of nearly $218 million between 2008 and 2011, split among 26 partners. By 2008 Gore was able to put together $35 million into hedge funds and private partnerships through Capricorn Investment Group, a Palo Alto company founded by his Canadian billionaire buddy Jeffrey Skoll, the first president of EBay Inc (Bell). One main blow comes from the co... ...ources Defense Council (NRDC), â€Å"Four global warming impacts alone—hurricane damage, real estate losses, energy costs, and water costs—will come with a price tag of 1.8 percent of U.S. GDP, or almost $1.9 trillion annually (in today’s dollars) by 2100† (Akerman 4). Climate change or global warming is neither today’s nor tomorrow’s problem. It is a long term problem that has been affecting us, is affecting us, and at an even much higher rate will affect us. Works Cited Ackerman, Frank, and Elizabeth A. Station. â€Å"The cost of Climate Change: What We’ll Pay if Global Warming Continues Unchecked.† nrdc.org. Natural Resources Defense Council, May 2008. Web. 26 April 2014. Bell, Larry. â€Å"The Greening of Gore’s Bank Account.† Forbes. 21 May 2013. Web. 25 April 2014. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Future Climate Change. Epa.gov. n.d. Web. 25 April 2014.

Original Writing Essay

I am the princess awaiting rescue in the quiet corner of the ballroom. I stand silently gathering dust in the shadows, grinning with gapped black and white teeth. The pungent odour of rising damp impregnates the air. Lonely and deserted by the warm affectionate hands I once knew and loved, shudders trace the length of my now slackened strings. I can still feel the faint, muffled trembling in my worn hammers of a serene piano concerto. I remain here reminiscing of times gone by; dreaming about rhapsodies of the great composers, sonatas with their heartbreaking refrains casting their sweet melodies out into the hearts of my listeners. I held the power to move people and touch their very souls. My waltzes floated dreamily like a single cloud in a clear blue sky drifting peacefully into the distance. I look back on my past at all the things I have experienced: my debut in the grand concert hall, the first time I felt the touch of his hands pounding passionately on my keys, I remember shaking with nerves as the critics watched and listened attentively, waiting for mistakes. We, my old friend and I, had travelled the length and breadth of the country together enchanting audiences with our music. Each week we would embark on another journey to take us to a new hall, each as grand as the last. The venues with their elegant, majestic decor were visited only by the noble and wealthy people in society. It felt fantastic to be associated with the upper class. They were women who could afford to wear the most opulent of gowns made with the finest silks, taffetas velvets and brocades; all of which were accompanied with stoles derived from the best pelts of fur that money could buy- the most popular of which being mink, ermine and fox. Their partners, of course, were dressed just as magnificently in their white tie evening suits. They looked somewhat like penguins in their expensive attire. I often wondered if it was the actual music they had come to listen to or just an excuse to show off their prosperity; the value of their wives jewellery alone could well have paid a king’s ransom! How I miss the anticipation and the adulation that each concert brought; the scores of fans applauding and cheering for an encore for which we jumped at the chance! We would play for ages after the scheduled end of the show; this was my favourite part of the performance because we always made an unforgettable exit! We amazed crowds like this every night; they all loved us and our music. But, as the saying goes, all good things must come to an end. The popularity of such grand events began to dwindle; the new recordings brought the great concertos into ones front room. People’s leisure time was spent in the comfort of their own homes and they much preferred to spend their evenings at the newly developed moving pictures. Then came the Great War. All the men were sent away to foreign lands to fight for their country. War, as they say, can be a great leveller; a rich man can be killed with a bullet just as easily as a poor man. People’s priorities altered, it wasn’t thought to be patriotic to flaunt ones wealth as had been done before. Nobody came to watch our shows: there was no one to escort the ladies, and they no longer felt the need to show their prosperity. Our shows were all cancelled. We were no longer needed; no longer wanted. It broke his heart knowing that we could no longer perform together. Not long afterwards, he went bankrupt. He lost everything: his house, his livelihood, his possessions; and me. I was devastated, how could I cope without him to love and comfort me? Who could be there for me? Most importantly, what would happen to him? I was so confused, my life had been turned upside down and I didn’t know if I’d manage. I knew he loved and cherished me, and the last thing he wanted to do was sell me, but he found himself in financial dire straits. He did what he had to do and I can’t condemn him for that. Nobody said that life should be fair. As the day of the auction loomed the atmosphere in the house was fraught. Complete strangers rummaged ruthlessly through all that was dear to him. The workmen pulled apart his home and left nothing behind. They had no respect for his privacy or his dignity. All his worldly goods were auctioned to satisfy his creditors. The items were sold for a pittance. I was sold there and violently shoved inside a small white transit van. It was not quite the transport I had become accustomed to, but I didn’t really have a choice in the matter. I made my final journey to where I am today; isolated here in the corner, being tortured by incompetent, untrained and inept hands, making a tuneless drone where once beautiful melodies had been played. I hope one day my prince will come rescue me from the depths of my despair; stuck here in this cold, damp dining room fully exposed to the gales blowing through the open window. I long for the caress of someone who truly understands my worth; and I can only hope that someone can appreciate me half as much as my friend did. I resign myself to the fact that I am no longer the youthful princess awaiting my prince, but a dowager condemned to a life of solitude. I now realise that life doesn’t always go the way you plan. I will always miss him but losing him has made me appreciate all the happy times we spent together and all the fond memories we share. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Miscellaneous section.

Dj Party

Report on DJ culture impact on IUB students Figure 1 : Likeness of the DJ party-10 Figure 2 : Popularity of Dj Party-10 Figure 3 : Perception about Dj party-11 Figure 4 : How often people goes to Dj party-12 Figure 5 : Is it good for IUB students-13 Figure 6 : Effects of Dj Party-13 Figure 7 : About banning Dj Party-14 Figure 8 : Bring dirtiness in our society-15 Abstract The aims and objectives of this report is to identify, describe and produce an analysis on necessity of Dj party impact on IUB students means is it affecting the IUB students in proper way or creating a disaster? This will provide a common understanding about Dj party; find out how IUB students react to it and whether it is good or bad for our IUB environment and the society. Our main purpose of this report is to let you know are the DJ parties in Bangladesh influencing the IUB students in a discipline or a disaster. First of all we will let you know about the DJ party in Bangladesh by giving you thorough information about the DJs and the DJ parties in Bangladesh including the DJ parties organized in IUB. Then we will give descriptive information about the DJ parties held in Bangladesh and which DJ parties’ students prefer to attend. Later we will discuss about the methodology where in this segment, we will discuss on the procedure of collecting information for the project. The whole data collection process has been divided in to two sections, primary and secondary section. Later we will deliver the findings of our report where we have done a survey of 50 IUB students and through which we got a better idea of the student’s opinion. In this finding we ask the students some questions that are related to the impact of the DJ parties. At first we ask the likeness of the DJ parties following this question we have asked how often the students go to DJ parties. Then through questionnaires we get the information about the effect of DJ parties on our IUB students. Following that we get the information whether DJ parties should be banned from our society. Later we get the information are DJ parties bringing dirtiness in our society and the environment of IUB. Through the questionnaires we get detail information about the report through which we can get a descriptive findings. Finally we finish the report with a informative conclusion. Later including a recommendation through where we get the information. Table of Contents |Sl. No. Description |Page | |1 |Introduction |7 | |2 |Methodology |8 | |3 |Findings |10 | |4 |Conclusion |16 | |5 |Recommendations |17 | |6 |Appendix |19 | Introduction Dj party is a very new tradition in Bangladesh. It’s a new way entertainment in Bangladesh. Even about 5 year ago there are very few people were conscious about Dj party. Gradually the situation of Bangladesh regarding Dj party has been changed. Now days, most of the people of Bangladesh are now aware about Dj party, gradually Dj party has become a common form/way of entertainment. Now a day Dj party is occurring every where in Bangladesh like corporate organization, university function, 5 star hotels, theme park like Nandon, Fantasy kingdom, Foyez lake etc. There are lots of new Dj’s are coming out day by day in Bangladesh from the new generation. They are highly talented and they have the music knowledge as well. The party or club DJ is a place where lots of people gathered and enjoying the Dj’s music by dancing. Dj party is always very crowded and noisy. Here, the DJ must be the life of the party, the MC, the shining star that makes the event. This type of a DeeJaying is not for the timid or shy. This may sound like the hardest, but relating to a live audience with instant feedback is actually the easiest. Methodology In this segment, we will discuss on the procedure of collecting information for the project. The whole data collection process has been divided in to two sections, primary and secondary section. Primary section In this section the data has been collected through a survey on more than 50 individuals on 8th and 15h April 2010. The questionnaire is based on two types of method – †¢ Qualitative †¢ Quantitative This data was obtained through a questionnaire concerning the following issues: ? DJ party and its effects on IUB students’ personal life ? DJ party and its effects on IUB students’ social life ? DJ party and its effects on corporate life Finally the conclusive evaluation on DJ party impact on IUB. The data was collected from a diverse group of students, staffs and professionals from Independent University, Bangladesh. Secondary Section In this section the data has been collected through different Print, Electronic and Online media given below: Print media: ? The Daily Star ? The Daily Prothom Alo ? The Daily New Age ? The Daily Amar Desh Electronic media: ? RTV ? Bangla vision ? BBC World ? CNN ? Sky News On-line media: ? Google. com ? Facebook ? Wikipedia ? CNN Online ? Prothom Alo online Edition These data were used to build up the base of the report as well as giving the report its current form. Findings: We have done a survey with 50 IUB students randomly within IUB to find out about necessity of Dj party and the things they like about Dj party, the things do not like about Dj party and impacts of Dj party on our society etc. We have done our survey on university students because Dj is the most popular among universities and high school students that means the young generation. From the survey, we have found the following information about Dj party, we also analyze the information: Likeness of the DJ party This section represents the popularity of DJ party in Bangladesh and the IUB students. It also evaluates the current situation of DJ party especially the IUB students of Bangladesh. We also divide the male and female regarding the likings of DJ party. Figure:1 Figure: 2 Figure : 3 [pic] We have done our survey on IUB students because Dj party is very much popular in IUB. Figure: 1 show that about 70% students like Dj party and 20% students have given negative opinion about Dj party and the remaining people are neutral about Dj party. They don’t like Dj party for several reasons like: †¢ It is still a new form of entertainment in our country. †¢ Lack of discipline in Dj party. †¢ Highly expensive ticket. Figure: 2 Show that likeliness of Dj party between male and female students. According to the survey, we have found 100 students from that 70% of male and 30% female students like Dj party. The percentage of female students regarding Dj party is lower because of following reasons: †¢ Restriction from religion †¢ Restriction from family †¢ Middle class girls are generally conservative Figure: 3 show the perception about Dj party among the IUB students. According to the figure 3 we can see 20% of student says awesome, 50% says good and 30% of students says dirty about Dj party. How often people goes to Dj party Dj party still not so popular yet in Bangladesh. Few years ago some people even do not know about Dj party. But now days, people has started to go DJ parties. Figure : 4 [pic] Figure: 4 say that 45% of student goes to Dj party once in month, 35% of student do not go to Dj party. 5% of students go to Dj party once in a week. Students want to spend more time with their friends with some sort of entertainment like music, drama, dancing, and singing. More over now days, couples want to go spend some personal time with entertainment and Dj party suited th em very much because there is crowd lots of space, darkness etc. Effect on IUB students IUB students can be divided into some classes as like: †¢ Upper class †¢ Upper middle class †¢ Middle class Figure : 5 Figure : 6 Figure 5 shows 80% people are disagree with the term that Dj party is good for our IUB students and 20% people agree with this term. We will find the reason in figure: 6. it shows that from Dj lover 65% are from upper middle class 25% and 10% are from middle class as because middle class people are higher in IUB and they are not so interested about Dj party we get the higher proportion of disagreeing that Dj party is go for IUB students. Should Dj party be banned in our country? Dj party is a place where people gather and enjoying the Dj music by dancing Dj party is always very crowed and noisy. As Bangladesh is a Muslim oriented country and there are many religion restrictions about dance and music that’s why we get different opinion about banning Dj party. Figure : 7 [pic] Figure: 7 show that 40% students are in favor of Dj party. They don’t want to stop Dj party because they think it’s a social meeting and new form of entertainment. People can enjoy the time with any bounds 35% students in natural position, they left these issues to the government because this is a complicated issue and lots of people do like Dj party. So they don’t want to give personal opinion about this issue. 25% students think Dj party should be banned from the society. Because they thought it brings dirtiness, no discipline and spoils our young generation and waste of money. It doesn’t match to our culture. Bring dirtiness in our society Our culture is very much conservative. People are devotional and religious. They don’t prefer environment where male and female gather together and dancing together. Figure 8 [pic] According to the survey, figure: 8 shows 75% of student thinks that Dj party brings dirtiness in our cutlers because it gives birth of vulgarity in our society. There are no dress codes for girl as a result girl wears such kind of dresses which makes the boys crazy. Moreover, the entertainment is very much suitable for all kind of provocative activities. About 15% of students are not sure about this issue because they know that it brings dirtiness. But still they like it. They think dirtiness is one kind of enjoyment. About 10% of the student says no about this issue. That means they think Dj party is not bring any kind of dirtiness. The reason behind this is they like this kind of modern culture and they are quite familiar about that culture. They don’t consider it as dirtiness because they are living with this kind of situation. They don’t consider it so dirtiness because they are living with this kind of situation. Conclusion Dj party is a good way of new entertainment in Bangladesh. The popularity of Dj party is known worldwide and people are aware of what Dj party is and what it does. From our survey we saw that its popularity is getting higher day by day. We made our survey of 50 students in IUB and we found most of the people like Dj party. But they all were worried about the impact of Dj party in our own culture. They suggest that if Dj party can deals with our own songs, then it will be much more accepted. In our survey, we saw that even though, most of the people like it but some of them said they do not like Dj party that much because they are very aware of our culture. They think Dj parties are hampering our culture very badly and giving birth of dirtiness in our society. Many people go to the Dj party very frequently; they spend their time keeping in touch with their friends by entertainment. They like spending the time with singing, dancing etc. Our country haven’t have many way of entertaining. So, people find it very enjoyable way of entertainment. But they don’t know that in the name of entertainment they are actually forgetting our own culture day by day as our cultural assets are not shown in these parties. For the reason of going very frequently in Dj parties they are becoming undisciplined in their practical life as there are no disciple in Dj parties. So, to conclude we can say that Dj party is very recent object in our country. We have very strong disciplined culture of our own. We have vast amount of musical assets as well. If Dj parties can remove the dirtiness, maintain the discipline and keep our culture live in the party, then it will be the one of the best ways of entertainment for everybody in our country. Recommendations: The following recommendations are made to improve the Dj parties ? Make some discipline at Dj parties. ? Should have some dress code. ? Smoking and drinking should be banned from Dj party. ? There should be age limit for the students. ? Dirtiness should be removed. We should keep our social norms and ethics. ? Dj can use our cultural songs so that our culture can be represent in a new way. ? Make a monitoring board for controlling Dj parties. References: References ? www. Google. om (last visited 16h April) ? CNN online. com (last visited 16h April) ? Sky News online edition (last visited 16h April) ? Prothom Alo Online edition (last visited 16h April) ? BBC online. com (last visited 16h April) ? The Daily Star online edition (last visited 16h April) ? elc. polyu. edu. hk/C iLL/reports. tm (last visited 16h April) ? ic. arizona. edu/~profcomm/writing/samples/report (last visited 16h April) Appendix: Sample questionnaire: [pic] Independent University Bangladesh (IUB) Survey on Do you want Dj parties more in IUB? Name: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Sex: M/F Age: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Education: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Occupation :†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Marital status: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Locality:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Please give a tick on the right option |Do you like DJ party? |Do you like to spend more time with your friends in Dj | | |parties? | | | |Yes |Yes | |No |No | | | | | | | |Do you love to listen Dj war? |How many times do you go to a Dj party in your life so | | |far? Age 18 – 24) | |Yes | | |No |0 – 5 | |Sometimes |5 – 10 | | |10 – 15 | | |More | |How frequently do yo u go to Dj parties? |Dj party is: | |Once in a week | | |Twice in week |Awesome | |Once in a month |Very good | |I don’t go to Dj parties Good | | |Dirty | |Dj party is good for IUB students? |Dj party should be banned in our country. | | |Off course NOT | |Agree |Should be banned | |Disagree |It’s up to govt. | |May be | | |Dj parties bring dirtiness in our culture. |What do you want in a Dj party? | |Classified DJ mix | |Yes |No dirtiness | |No |Classical music | |May be |Wide open venue | |Who cares | | Question 11 to 14 estimates the stage of your preference regarding the Dj parties. |5= Strongly Agree 4= Agree 3=Strongly Disagree 2= Disagree 1= Neutral |5 |4 |3 |2 |1 | |11. |DJ parties are necessary for the entertainment? | | | | | | |12. |Dj parties are the only way of entertainment? | | | | | | |13. |Do you think Dj parties are really essential for the corporate parties? | | | | | | |14 |Now a days Dj parties are giving birth of vulgarity/filthiness in our society. | | | | | | |Your opinion about Dj party in IUB: | ———————– [pic] [pic] [pic]

Grammar Tips Using the Future Tense - Get Proofed!

Grammar Tips Using the Future Tense - Get Proofed! Using the Future Tense We use the future tense for things ranging from stating vague ambitions (e.g., â€Å"I will go to Hawaii one day†) to making concrete plans (e.g., â€Å"I will book tickets this evening†). Mastering this tense is therefore essential for expressing yourself clearly. But how does this work? In English, we usually form the future tenses using the words â€Å"will† and â€Å"shall.† Read on for some grammatical tips. And once were done with the grammar, well go back to dreaming about Hawaii. Simple Future Tense The simple future tense combines â€Å"will† or â€Å"shall† with the base form of a verb (i.e., the verb form used in the simple present tense). For example, we could say: Hawaii will welcome us with open arms! Here, â€Å"will† is combined with â€Å"welcome† to make a prediction. Future Continuous Tense If you want to discuss an ongoing action in the future, you need the future continuous tense: I will be lying in the sun this time next week! As shown, the future continuous combines â€Å"will/shall be† and a present participle (i.e., an â€Å"-ing† verb). Future Perfect Tense The future perfect tense lets us project ourselves forward and reflect on something that hasn’t yet happened. Specifically, the future perfect covers actions that will have been completed in the future: Once I’ve been to Hawaii, I will have visited every US state. This tense is formed by combining â€Å"will/shall have† with a past participle. Future Continuous Perfect The difference between the future perfect and future perfect continuous tenses is that the future perfect continuous is used for ongoing actions that will have finished by a certain time: By the end of this journey, we will have been traveling for a month. As above, this tense usually describes an action that has already begun and specifies a time by which it will have ended. It is formed by combining â€Å"will/shall have been† with a present participle. Will or Shall? We said at the beginning of this post that â€Å"will† and â€Å"shall† are both used to express the future tense, but you may have noticed that we use â€Å"will† in all of the examples above. In the old days, â€Å"shall† was used with first-person pronouns (e.g. â€Å"I shall†) and â€Å"will† with second and third-person pronouns (e.g., â€Å"you will† or â€Å"it will†). Confusingly, these were then reversed to make an emphatic point, which is why the Fairy Godmother in Cinderella says, â€Å"You shall go to the ball!† But in modern American English, there are only two reasons to use â€Å"shall†: To sound formal (e.g., a contract) or old-fashioned (e.g., a historical novel) To ask a question in the first person (e.g., Shall I book the tickets tonight?) In all other cases, â€Å"will† is now standard with all pronoun types. Other Ways of Discussing the Future As well as using â€Å"will† or â€Å"shall,† English offers a couple of other ways to discuss the future: Use â€Å"going to† with an infinitive verb (e.g., The volcano is going to explode) Combine the present tense with a future time (e.g., It is happening tomorrow) You can use these as alternatives to the future tense forms set out above.

Free Essays on Guns Of August

The Guns of August BOOK SUMMARY In May of 1910, the funeral of Edward VII of England took place. There were many royals in attendance there, including Kaiser William II of Germany, who disliked his uncle Edward and accused him of the encirclement of Germany. Edwards sociability resulted in reconciliation with France and a new friendship with Germany. Both arose the displeasure of William, who tried to rectify his situation with Russia and get them away from France although this failed. Soon thereafter, several publications on the prediction of a coming war were made public. Edwards magnificent funeral had the greatest assemblage of royalty and rank ever gathered in one place and, of its kind, the last. This was also to be the state of things prior to the first World War. PLANS Germany, France, Britain, and Russia were all prepared to make war, which was almost inevitable. Each country formulated secret military strategies that were to be used during this great war. Germanys plan of attack was the original idea of Count Alfred von Schlieffen. He, not wanting to fight a two-front war, decided to attack France first, swiftly by way of Belgium and attacking from the rear thus bringing about Frances envelopment. Although Belgium was declared neutral territory, he felt that it was a military necessity. This left East Prussia scarcely guarded, using primarily reserves, but the plan was to achieve a quick victory over France followed by an attack on Russia. Although it was predicted that a longer war might result because of the modernization of resources, it was not followed through with and no plans for a long battle were made. Instead, the idea of a decisive battle was held on to. In France, their military strategy was at first to attack Germany with a two-prong ed offensive through Germanys center and left. Their main goal was to win back Alsace-Lorraine. General Ferdinand Foch was mainly in control of French military thinking and belie... Free Essays on Guns Of August Free Essays on Guns Of August The Guns of August BOOK SUMMARY In May of 1910, the funeral of Edward VII of England took place. There were many royals in attendance there, including Kaiser William II of Germany, who disliked his uncle Edward and accused him of the encirclement of Germany. Edwards sociability resulted in reconciliation with France and a new friendship with Germany. Both arose the displeasure of William, who tried to rectify his situation with Russia and get them away from France although this failed. Soon thereafter, several publications on the prediction of a coming war were made public. Edwards magnificent funeral had the greatest assemblage of royalty and rank ever gathered in one place and, of its kind, the last. This was also to be the state of things prior to the first World War. PLANS Germany, France, Britain, and Russia were all prepared to make war, which was almost inevitable. Each country formulated secret military strategies that were to be used during this great war. Germanys plan of attack was the original idea of Count Alfred von Schlieffen. He, not wanting to fight a two-front war, decided to attack France first, swiftly by way of Belgium and attacking from the rear thus bringing about Frances envelopment. Although Belgium was declared neutral territory, he felt that it was a military necessity. This left East Prussia scarcely guarded, using primarily reserves, but the plan was to achieve a quick victory over France followed by an attack on Russia. Although it was predicted that a longer war might result because of the modernization of resources, it was not followed through with and no plans for a long battle were made. Instead, the idea of a decisive battle was held on to. In France, their military strategy was at first to attack Germany with a two-prong ed offensive through Germanys center and left. Their main goal was to win back Alsace-Lorraine. General Ferdinand Foch was mainly in control of French military thinking and belie... Free Essays on Guns Of August The Guns of August BOOK SUMMARY In May of 1910, the funeral of Edward VII of England took place. There were many royals in attendance there, including Kaiser William II of Germany, who disliked his uncle Edward and accused him of the encirclement of Germany. Edwards sociability resulted in reconciliation with France and a new friendship with Germany. Both arose the displeasure of William, who tried to rectify his situation with Russia and get them away from France although this failed. Soon thereafter, several publications on the prediction of a coming war were made public. Edwards magnificent funeral had the greatest assemblage of royalty and rank ever gathered in one place and, of its kind, the last. This was also to be the state of things prior to the first World War. PLANS Germany, France, Britain, and Russia were all prepared to make war, which was almost inevitable. Each country formulated secret military strategies that were to be used during this great war. Germanys plan of attack was the original idea of Count Alfred von Schlieffen. He, not wanting to fight a two-front war, decided to attack France first, swiftly by way of Belgium and attacking from the rear thus bringing about Frances envelopment. Although Belgium was declared neutral territory, he felt that it was a military necessity. This left East Prussia scarcely guarded, using primarily reserves, but the plan was to achieve a quick victory over France followed by an attack on Russia. Although it was predicted that a longer war might result because of the modernization of resources, it was not followed through with and no plans for a long battle were made. Instead, the idea of a decisive battle was held on to. In France, their military strategy was at first to attack Germany with a two-prong ed offensive through Germanys center and left. Their main goal was to win back Alsace-Lorraine. General Ferdinand Foch was mainly in control of French military thinking and belie...

Abstruse vs. Obtuse

Abstruse vs. Obtuse Abstruse vs. Obtuse Abstruse vs. Obtuse By Maeve Maddox What’s the difference between abstruse and obtuse? Both are adjectives. Abstruse comes from a Latin word meaning â€Å"concealed, hidden, secret.† In English it means â€Å"difficult to understand.† Remarking on complaints about the apparent meaninglessness of literary prizes, Jennifer Szalai writes, Prizes are awarded to tepid, undemanding best sellers everyone reads; prizes are awarded to obscure, abstruse books no one reads. The NY Times publishes an annual list of â€Å"abstruse words.† The list is compiled from the number of times readers click on a word in order to see a linked definition. Some examples of these â€Å"abstruse† words: antediluvian, peroration, and shibboleth. Obtuse comes from a Latin word meaning â€Å"blunt, dull, stupid.† â€Å"Obtuse angles† in geometry are not stupid; they are blunt. An angle â€Å"greater than 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees† is an obtuse angle. When botanists and zoologists say that something is obtuse, they mean that it is not sharp or pointed. For example, larch trees have cones that are about one inch long and obtuse at their points, i.e., blunt, not pointed, When applied to a person, obtuse means stupid, lacking in perception or understanding. In the movie The Shawshank Redemption, Andy uses the word in reference to the prison warden: Andy: How can you be so obtuse? Warden Norton: What? What did you call me? Andy: Obtuse. Is it deliberate? Sometimes people use obtuse when they mean abstruse. Here are some examples of misuse on a web page that seems to be offering them as examples of correct usage: They provide a very powerful, but also rather obtuse, set of tools for finding particular words or combinations of characters in strings. Obtuse language in such documents actually means? Obtuse lyrics and intricate symbolism. I suppose the writers of these examples could be calling the tools, language, and lyrics stupid, but I think it more likely that the powerful tools present a steep learning curve. If the language in the document leaves the person wondering about its meaning, then the language is difficult to understand. Finally, since the lyrics are being linked with symbolism, the word wanted is probably abstruse. An individual who is obtuse cannot understand. A book or explanation that is abstruse cannot be easily understood. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Regarding Re:40 Synonyms for â€Å"Different†How to Write a Proposal

HRD Needs Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

HRD Needs Analysis - Essay Example It further identifies the gaps that persist between the employees and the skills that are required in order to adequately perform the current responsibilities (Rouda & Kusy, 1995). Need analysis also attempts at describing the gaps between the existing and needed skills of the concerned employees so that they can complete the assigned tasks comprehensively. It can be stated that the needs can prevail in any of the three levels such as organization, the job/ tasks and the individual. For the purpose of ensuring effectual HRD efforts, it is important to measure the needs at each level (Slideshare, 2012). The organizations are required to assess three types of needs such as organizational analysis, task analysis and person analysis. Strategic analysis recommends the need for training and the circumstances under which it is likely to take place. Task analysis demonstrates what needs to be done in order to perform a specific task and person analysis reveals who is required to be trained a nd what sort of training is needed (Werner & DeSimone, 2012). Diagnosis of Issue It has been noted that RACQ’s reported surplus was majorly affected by factors that were not forecasted to take place in the coming years, specifically the release of preceding years’ Compulsory Third Party (CTP) related exceptional claim provisions along with mutual aids to communities which was influenced by natural disasters in late 2010 as well as early 2011. It was because of the natural disasters that the organization confronted major rise in the operational costs of road services along with its call centers. Reasons for Issue Operating costs rose in the organization after the disaster because of the disruption caused by the devastation of physical infrastructure. Operating costs are the routine costs required to run a business or service provider. Disaster leads to disruption because of the temporary interruptions in water and sanitation, transport services and electricity as well i n the organization. Hence, the company had to invest significantly in order to repair the damages that took place and increase the effectiveness. Along with it, the disruptions in the personal lives as well as businesses had a major influence upon the revenues in areas such as travel as well as driver training during and after the natural disasters. Rise in operational costs because of the natural disaster had adversely affected the profits of the organization and hence hampered its successful operations. It can be mentioned that the issues that has been raised here calls for needs analysis at all the three levels namely strategic analysis, person analysis and task analysis. These issues can be linked with the organizational analysis of need assessment. It is considered to be vital for the organization to focus upon the aspect of contingency planning by reserving sufficient funds so that it can be most effectively utilized when such mishaps takes place. There is also a need of train ing that shall focus upon the effective management of the unforeseen events in the organization (Blackman, 2012). Diagnosis of Issue The other challenge that the organization encounters have been related to the relationship management pertaining to the new members which offers the staffs as well

Negoiation in Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Negoiation in Management - Essay Example In the third scenario, assuming the stores stay closed for the first week before negotiation and then ought to alternate, a single store will incur a profit of sixty thousand after the entire period and other will lose twenty thousand with the city gaining none as levied fine. In the fourth scenario, when the store are all closed in the first week and stay closed for the remaining weeks, they will all profit one hundred and twenty thousand after the entire period, and the city will gain four hundred and eighty thousand as fine. Therefore, for the store to maximize the profits I will go for the first and the fourth scenario. When the store remains closed, the current profit will be kept and the city will gain profit in case the other store remains open before the negotiation. Therefore, when the two stores remain closed, profits will be recorded. The ultimate option will be for the store to demonstrate against the city claiming they will generate two hundred percent increase in revenue (Kim,

There are many popularly suggested business objectives, while Essay

There are many popularly suggested business objectives, while academically the objective to maximise shareholder wealth is considered superior. Discuss. (In y - Essay Example Despite these claims, research suggests that maximizing shareholder wealth is considered superior to all objectives. Wal-Mart claims to hold down inflation in the US (Fishman, 2003), create jobs, and has customer-centered strategy as their prices are unbeatable, but they ultimately squeeze the vendors and under-pay the staff (Heyer, 2005) with the ultimate goal of maximizing shareholder wealth. They even have an efficient supply chain and source their products from developing countries and claim to be a part of their growth. Nevertheless, employee wages at Wal-Mart are as much as 31% lower than competitors (Nester, 2006). It pays practically no benefits and very often employees have to work overtime without any additional compensation. Wal-Mart ranked fourth in terms of social responsibility in terms of its dealings with its stakeholders but there were 4851 claims filed against it in the court (Papasolomou-Doukakis, Krambia-Kapardis & Katsioloudes, 2005). Corporate giants like the CEO of Coca-Cola too make tall claims that by being more efficient and more profitable, it makes businesses better for the community (Ash, 2004) but findings reveal otherwise. They have committed as many as 179 major Human Rights violations (Cairns, 2005). The union leader was shot dead at the Columbia bottling plant. Turkish and Indonesian workers face mass firings for their union activity. Multination Monitor, an American non–profit organization, listed coke amongst the worst ten companies in US. In India they are diverting potable water from local residents for the production of soft drinks. During the processing of soda pop in India, Coke has contaminated soil and underground water with toxic cadmium, which was found in the sludge. They have also been charged and found guilty of bribing the Pollution Control Board in South India. They are accused of inflating profits, selling contaminated beverages and violating contracts. Under the garb of commu nity

Significance of a Quran Verse to Our Time Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Significance of a Quran Verse to Our Time - Essay Example Quran 99:7-8: 7. Then shall anyone who has done an atom's weight of good, see it! 8. And anyone who has done an atom's weight of evil, shall see it (Indiana State University). Significance of the Verse to Our Time Nowadays, a lot of people around the world are being blinded by greed and desire for more power. Because of their selfishness, these people are unconsciously putting themselves into more trouble. There are so many reasons why I chose this particular verse. First of all, this particular Quran verse serve as God’s warning to all mankind. Using this particular Quran verse, it is easier to remind all people about the possible long-term consequences of doing either good or bad deeds. As a common knowledge, God is always just and fair to all mankind. Right from the start, people were given the free-will to choose between good and bad actions. Because of the free-will that was given to each mankind, each person becomes directly responsible for their own fate. God made a promise that he will reward people for doing good deeds. At the same time, God will punish those who choose to do immoral actions. In response to the on-going battle between the good and bad, people should keep in mind their moral obligation to do only what is morally right. By avoiding bad thoughts and actions, people can protect themselves from being punished in the long run.

Biology lab report ( includes abstract, intro, results, dissections ) - 1

Biology ( includes abstract, intro, results, dissections ) - Lab Report Example It was found from the comparison that the on average the northern population of Crotalus atrox has much greater heterozygosity than the southern population. Thus it can be considered that the northern population has more genetic variation than the southern population. Various reasons can be accounted for this genetic variation such as mutation in migration because of changed habitat, inbreeding within the southern population, as well as the genetic mechanisms such as genetic drift and gene flow bringing in forces like founder effect and population bottleneck. Therefore it can be concluded that the highway construction has impacted the genetic variations of the populations of Crotalus atrox. Crotalus atrox is an eminent species in semiarid communities, deserts of North America and reside in various regions. Although this specific rattlesnake’s species are not regarded as endangered, however, investigating this species will aid in the development of better protection and conservation practices (Brennan, 2008). The heterozygosity of Crotalus atrox, the Western Diamond-backed Rattlesnake’s two populations has been explored in order to ascertain if any change has occurred within the microsatellite diversity amongst the chosen two populations of Crotalus atrox. Investigation of microsatellite diversity leads to better comprehension of genetic fitness and variation within the species. It also provides an opportunity to penetrate on ways of conservation to prevent endangerment caused by the human made (anthropogenic) barriers, which are introduced into the natural habitats. There have been various studies done to explore the influence of anthropogenic barriers on the lives of various organisms. Landscape genetics reveals the way landscape features may impact the population structure by associating genetic discontinuities with environmental or landscape features. These features include climatic, edaphic, biotic and other

Hard Rock Cafe Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Hard Rock Cafe - Term Paper Example Forecasting is one method that has led to the success of the restaurant. With forecasting, the management can analyze the forces of demand and supply and make reasonable decisions. They can also determine the point where profits will be maximized. However, forecasting is not realistic as it can be affected by economic changes due to the cyclical nature of the market (Evans 2002). The actual results might differ from the forecasted data giving rise to risk. Therefore, it important to ensure that proper forecasting is done using reliable data and models. Introduction Hard Rock Cafe has grown at a very fast rate from a one pub in 1979 to cafe having 129 branches in over 40 countries internationally. With such growth, the Cafe has been successful in delivering quality services and ensuring maximum customer satisfaction. Nowadays, the hospitality industry is growing drastically. For this reason, the hotels require consistent progress to attain a competitive edge. Operations management is important to ensure that daily activities of an organization are achieved efficiently. This report will analyze the operation management of Hard Rock Cafe with regard to its forecasting strategy. The current forecasting strategy of the Restaurant will be analyzed and suggestions on other possible strategies with regard to sales will be discussed. In order to assess the future perspectives, it is important to analyze the current situation first. 1. Hard Rock Cafe’s forecasting strategy There are different forecasting applications at Hard Rock Cafe. The forecasts relate to the long-run, intermediate and short run. Long run forecasting methods are used in establishing a better capacity plan. Intermediate forecasting methods are used when Hard Rock Cafe aims at establishing good contracts with its main suppliers. The method is used to forecast on revenues using the pricing and costing information in respect of every cafe. Short term forecasting is used on daily sales and takes in to account variables such as events. The point of sale (POS) system is used in forecasting sales. The POS captures daily sales for each customer in all its cafes around the world. All daily sales are transmitted to the headquarters database electronically. From there, the financial team uses the data for forecasting purpose. In forecasting any anticipated events that might impact sales forecasts are taken into account. Such events might include sporting events or concerts to be performed anywhere near the cafes. The daily forecasts are further broken down to hourly sales which are used for employee scheduling purposes. Another forecasting strategy is Cafe’s menu planning which is done using multiple regressions. Multiple regression analysis helps the managers determine the degree of responsiveness on the quantity demanded to changes in price. Forecasting is also used in reorganizing the menu. This is because it measures the domino effect it would have on the menu items. Forec asting is also used in evaluating the performance of managers and setting rewards such as bonuses. Hard Rock Cafe uses a 3 year weighted moving average on cafe sales for this purpose. Bonuses are awarded when managers exceed their targets. Finally, forecasting is used in staff recruitment and management. Future demand is calculated and used to determine the period when to hire more staff or manage its staff in each department of the restaurant. Hard Rock Cafe can also use forecasting in the following areas: Establishing new outlets Determining future market changes by analysis the economic factors New products and its impact to the customers. 2. The role of

Biology lab report ( includes abstract, intro, results, dissections ) - 1

Biology ( includes abstract, intro, results, dissections ) - Lab Report Example It was found from the comparison that the on average the northern population of Crotalus atrox has much greater heterozygosity than the southern population. Thus it can be considered that the northern population has more genetic variation than the southern population. Various reasons can be accounted for this genetic variation such as mutation in migration because of changed habitat, inbreeding within the southern population, as well as the genetic mechanisms such as genetic drift and gene flow bringing in forces like founder effect and population bottleneck. Therefore it can be concluded that the highway construction has impacted the genetic variations of the populations of Crotalus atrox. Crotalus atrox is an eminent species in semiarid communities, deserts of North America and reside in various regions. Although this specific rattlesnake’s species are not regarded as endangered, however, investigating this species will aid in the development of better protection and conservation practices (Brennan, 2008). The heterozygosity of Crotalus atrox, the Western Diamond-backed Rattlesnake’s two populations has been explored in order to ascertain if any change has occurred within the microsatellite diversity amongst the chosen two populations of Crotalus atrox. Investigation of microsatellite diversity leads to better comprehension of genetic fitness and variation within the species. It also provides an opportunity to penetrate on ways of conservation to prevent endangerment caused by the human made (anthropogenic) barriers, which are introduced into the natural habitats. There have been various studies done to explore the influence of anthropogenic barriers on the lives of various organisms. Landscape genetics reveals the way landscape features may impact the population structure by associating genetic discontinuities with environmental or landscape features. These features include climatic, edaphic, biotic and other

Social media text Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Social media text - Research Paper Example In Mulvey’s opinion, women are often seen as a symbol of castration and most films making involve manipulation of females to bring visual pleasure to the film watchers (Mulvey, 1990) Mulvey argues that the pleasure associated with cinema is directed towards gender relationships, which relates images and spectators. In cinemas, the male acts as the prime monitor as well as the one who bears the gaze. On the other hand, females are just presented as passive objects who are subjected to the male gauze and male pleasure. Therefore, cinemas project fantasy on female body through filming and editing done with the aim of making female characters objects of pleasure. Therefore, women are often presented â€Å"†¦.as erotic objects for the characters within the screen story, and as erotic object for the spectator within the auditorium†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Mulley, 1990, pp. 33). The editing enables the filmmakers to combine the gazes of the male characters and those of the spectators without breaking the authenticity of the film story. The idea of color is an idea that can be learnt and leads to use of certain details to classify people. Moreover, characterization of people in terms of color varies in different regions. A good example is blackness. Definition and characterization of people as black varies in different countries. Moreover, characterization of people as blacks is influenced by different factors that are learned and passes from generation to generation. Gordon argues that words as well as work by black abolitionists in the 19th Century have played a great role in constructing the identity of black people. The language used by abolitionists has played a great role in constructing the identity of black people. Moreover, the identity has been memorized and can thus be learned and altered in different moments in life (Gordon, 2006). According to Gordon (2006, pp. 36) â€Å"†¦an ideology operates like a god or a spirit who pervades a place or inhabits human

The Melancholy In John Steinbecks Books Essay Example for Free

The Melancholy In John Steinbecks Books Essay The melancholy hussar was set in the 19th century in 1801. This was a time were woman had no lives of there own and this shows the character of Phyllis in melancholy hussar. Phylliss father treats her as an object. She is not free to do what ever she wants because she is a woman. Thomas hardy illustrates the role of woman in the melancholy hussar (1801). Woman had no role in society and women were very unimportant. Steinbeck had written his story during the American depression in the 1930. Life was very hard for men and woman because of migration, unemployment, rootlessness and instability. All these had made people very angry and this had caused racism. Crooks in of mice and men also had a very hard life because he was black. Crooks wasnt wanted near the white men, which had led to racism. On page 100, crooks says to Lennie I aint wanted in the bunkhouse and u aint wanted in my room, Lennie replied why aint you wanted in the bunk house BECAUSE IM BLACK. This had shown through text that racism was very natural. Both of these books had inequality in their texts. Curly had the most power over every one in of mice and men. In melancholy hussar Phyllis father had power over Phyllis. In melancholy hussar, the Napoleonic war was going on. The Napoleonic war was when France was at war against England. Germany were allies with England so Germany had sent some of their soldiers but the German soldiers had felt upset and lonely because they did not no English and they had no English friends to communicate with. This is what also had made them very homesick.

Importance of Character in Jan Beattys Poem, A Waitresss Instructions on Tipping or Get the Cash :: Waitresss Instructions on Tipping

Importance of Character in Jan Beatty's Poem, A Waitress's Instructions on Tipping or Get the Cash Up and Don't Waste My Time Jan Beatty's waitress teaches us that no amount of money can make up for poor character. The poem "A Waitress's Instructions on Tipping or Get the Cash Up and Don't Waste My Time" is a plea from a waitress, tired and overworked, to us, her customers. Throughout the first twenty-nine lines, she gives commands on how to tip and stresses the importance of money in the relationship between waitress and customer. At the end of line 29, we would describe the waitress as cold, materialistic, and unattached from her customers. Then, in the final line, she tells us, "If you're miserable, there's not enough money in the world." After reading this final line, we realize that the entire poem exists just to prepare the reader for the climax of that last line. To show the importance of a person's character, she builds up the importance of money throughout the entire poem, and then says that character is more important. Beatty uses rhetorical schemes throughout the poem to achieve different purposes. The most visual of these is the anaphora that she repeatedly uses, both to highlight the themes in those lines and to stress the line that that follows. Lines 7-9 all begin with "Never." The repetition of such a strong word reminds us of a scolding parent or teacher and serves to grab our attention. Also, as all three lines are closely related in meaning, the anaphora makes the meaning of the lines more apparent; if we missed the point on the first line, we still have two more chances. Following those three lines, the waitress says, "Overtip, overtip, overtip" (10). The repetitive sound of the anaphora in a way lulls us, only to be jolted back by the important command to overtip. Line 10 could sum up the theme of the majority of the poem; its placement following the anaphora helps us to realize its significance. Beatty again uses anaphora in lines 26-29 which all begin with "Don't say." The purpose of t hese lines is almost identical to that of lines 7-9. They repeat an important point (not to say inappropriate things to the waitress) and, more importantly, create a lulling, repetitive sound that will be shattered by the important line following them. Similarly, the use of parallelism stresses the importance of lines throughout the poem.

Essay --

INTRODUCTION Diabetes is a chronic disorder that affects a large segment of the population and is a most significant public health problem. Diabetes is a metabolic disorder affecting the Langher islets of pancreas affecting the insulin and glucoagan production and consecutively affecting the sugar (glucose) metabolism which in turn affecting the overall metabolism the disease may be classified into type I diabetes mellitus and type II diabetes mellitus. Type I diabetic mellitus is previously known as insulin- dependent diabetic mellitus. Type II diabetes mellitus is characterized by hyperglycemia due to an individual’s struggle to insulin with an insulin secretory defect (Papanas and Maltezos, 2007). The changes are primarily the consequence of the low insulin glucagons ratio. The effects of insulin on carbohydrate lipid and amino acid metabolism have been demonstrated in diabetic Mellitus all these effects are overturned (Varaiya et al., 2008). Diabetes and foot problems are in the order of synonymous. A recent WHO report designates that India has the biggest diabetic population (19 million in 1995) that is predictable to rise to 57 million by 2025 (Mayhfield et al., 1998). Kahn (1999) reported that a commonly accepted definition of foot infection is the incidence of systemic signs of infection (e.g.,fever and leucocytosis) or purulent secretions or two or more restricted symptoms or signs (redness, warmness, indurations, pain, or tenderness). Viswanathan et al. (2002) reported that 25% of diabetic individuals is predictable to expand brutal foot problems at some point in their lifetime that frequently end with amputation. Diabetic foot infections are more ruthless and more complex to treat than infections in non-diabetics. ... ... AIM AND OBJECTIVE 1. Study on socioeconomic status- includes Age category, Gender, Literacy Status and Economic Status (Annual income) of diabetic patients with foot ulcer at the different private laboratory at Sankari and Edappadi 2. Study on diabetic related factors include duration of diabetes mellitus, random blood sugar at the time of questionnaire, associated disease along with foot ulcer, history of previous amputation, type of treatment at the time of questionnaire and foot care maintenance of diabetic patients with foot ulcer at the different private laboratory at Sankari and Edappadi 3. Study on isolation and identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from diabetic foot ulcer. 4. Study on antibiotic resistance pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from diabetic foot ulcer. 5. Effect of essential oil against Pseudomonas aeruginosa from diabetic foot ulcer.

Criminal Law and Monster Essay

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“Horses of the Night” by Margaret Laurence Essay

1. Who is the narrator of the story? How old is she at the start of the story? What is her age at the end of the story? Discuss the reliability of the narrator. 2. Go back through the story looking for examples of foreshadowing. 3. Discuss the shifts that occur in the setting of the story. 4. Why does Chris hesitate to believe in God? 5. Discuss the significance of the following names used in the story: a. Chris b. Brick House c. Shallow Creek d. Its title, â€Å"Horses of the Night† Significant Quotes: â€Å"But quite good just isn’t good enough. Even supposing he managed to get a scholarship, which isn’t likely, it’s only tuition and books. What about room and board? Who’s going to pay for that? Your father?† (pg. 288) â€Å"Most people don’t like talking about this kind of thing- it embarrasses them, you know? Or else they’re not interested. I don’t mind. I can always think about things myself. You don’t need anyone to talk to.† (pg. 298) â€Å"I was thinking of all the schemes he’d had, the ones that couldn’t possibly have worked, the unreal solutions to which he’d clung because there were no others, the brave and useless strokes of fantasy against a depression that was both the world’s and his own.† (pg. 300) Vocabulary: Fortnight (pg. 294) Reticent (pg. 295) Equanimity (pg. 285) Scorn (pg. 282) Writing Assignment Please select one of the following diploma topics. -Discuss the idea(s) developed by the text creator in your chosen text about the role adversity plays in shaping an individual’s identity. -Discuss the idea(s) developed by the text creator in your chosen text about the conflict between pursuing a personal desire and choosing to conform. -Discuss the idea(s) developed by the text creator in your chosen text about the significance of idealism and truth in an individual’s life. Using your chosen topic, please write an introduction to an essay. Also include at least three topic sentences for your body paragraphs.

Impact of Radio in Law Enforcement Essay

I believe the largest impact on policing has been made by the simple invention of the two way radio which has in turn been expanded upon with cell phone and mobile internet capabilities. I had read this in textbooks concerning the evolution of policing, but reading this article certainly helped to confirm it. The advent of the car and of two-way wireless communications systems brought about what it called an â€Å"incident-driven† policing strategy that relied on random patrol and rapid response in radio-equipped patrol cars to prevent crime. However, research conducted in the latter part of the century on the impact of this strategy found it to be too costly in terms of the actual number of officers and vehicles that an agency would have to deploy to have a meaningful impact. Research also found that adopting this strategy contributed to the social distancing of the police from the community, with its consequent negative effect on an agency’s ability to not only prevent and detect crime but also on its ability to enforce the law and to maintain order. While the ability to communicate instantly over long distances is certainly a boon when it comes to coordinating efforts to detain criminals on the run, it has damaged the relationship the police have with the public. Crime typically happens in such a small window it is often rare that a police officer arrives in time to prevent its commission or at the very least its escalation. Not only that, the addition of the accessibility of the internet can make it painfully obvious the difference of the level of effort in some communities as opposed to others. Either way, it seems to be losing battles for law enforcement as budgets are cut yet more is asked of them while at the same time embellishment of negative incidents makes it more difficult for them to perform their duties in an increasingly more sensitive public environment. Being that funding is based on the surrounding areas and their ability to generate taxes, it seems we are on an inevitable course that will see justice served only to those with the means to fund its pursuit.

The Body of Lies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Body of Lies - Essay Example According to Hoffman, terrorists are now going back to traditional if not Stone Age technique of communication. Because of this fact, Hoffman has to rely more on Ferris’ operation and human intelligence. Roger Ferris met the head of the Jordanian GID named Hani Salaam and they had an agreement to help each other in finding Al-Saleem. But whatever agreement they have to each other, they are still bound to their responsibilities to their own countries. Hoffman was able to discover an Al-Saleem safe house and immediately contacted Ferris to check and watch the place closely. However, without Ferris’ permission, Hoffman conducted another operation which blew the whole safe house operation and ended up with Ferris bitten by dogs. It was this time when he met Aisha whom he eventually developed romantic interest. Another bombing was reported in Amsterdam which killed 75 people at the least. One of the men in the Al-Saleem safe house was recognized by Hani as Karami and compell ed him to become their asset in the Al Qaeda terrorist using his mother as Hani’s assurance for his cooperation. Hoffman wanted Karami to be interrogated by the CIA but Hani refuses to hand him over. Without the consent of both Hani and Ferris, Hoffman contacted Ferris’ new subordinate and instructed him to bring him Karami. Because of this, the safe house was blown and Ferris was blamed by Hani and instructed to leave Jordan. Hoffman and Ferris eventually thought that the only way to track Al-Saleem is to create another terrorist group that will threaten Al-Saleem’s ego and power. They planned and staged an attack and used a Jordanian architect named Omar Sadiki as the terrorist cell leader. But Ferris’ plan was made known to Al-Saleem when Sadiki was caught by his man and tortured. After which, Aisha was then kidnapped and while Ferris tried to recover her, he fell into the hands of Al-Saleem just across the border in Syria. He was interrogated and when he was about to be killed, Hani came to a rescue and Al-Saleem was arrested by the group. Hani admitted to Ferris that it was them who kidnapped Aisha to have a deal with Al-Saleem in exchange of Ferris. The movie ended with Ferris quitting the CIA and chose to stay in Jordan while leaving the audience the thought if he was going to reconcile with Aisha. The movie was not really about the politics or war but instead, the Body of Lies involved double-crosses and did not really have anything to say about the War on Terror. But this movie about Iraq war is something that offers good thriller standards. The movie offered moments of suspense but it offers more on how Ferris communicated with people and tries to gain information on the sought after terrorist Al-Saleem. In Markert’s (2011) book, the film Body of Lies belongs to the fictional features belatedly appear. According to Markert (2011), the films from 2001 to 2010 were mostly documentaries and films depicting villains suc h as Osama Bin Laden and revolving on the World Trade Center bombing. Several fictional films involving wars on Iraq and Afghanistan were made such as this film. However, this film did not involve Bin Laden or Hussein who were the favourite villains in the post-9/11 films.  

Characteristics of Early Christianity Movements Essay

Characteristics of Early Christianity Movements - Essay Example He and his disciples lived an eremitical life, one of the primary types of monasticism. As part of living the eretical life, St Anthony and his followers vowed living in austerity far away from the world. They commit themselves in answering the needs of the soul over the body by prioritizing activities that nourish the soul instead of the physical needs. (Bacchus) According to Athanasius, Bishop of Alexandria, St Anthony, who adhered to eremitical monasticism, fearlessly battled myriad temptations of the devil. In this regard, his disciples were enjoined to center their prayers on seeking the Lord's guidance through constant prayers to win over the evil one and learning the discipline of discerning spirits to recognize deceitful ways to sin. (Schaff & Wace) Another type of monasticism that characterized the early Christian movement is the cenobitical life. This type of monasticism was revived by St Benedict, who composed a new set of rules. From these rules, it could be observed that St Benedict's viewpoint does not involve extraordinary asceticism and narrow mindedness. As such, these sober regulations were based on common sense with emphasis on collectivism instead of individualism. Cenobitic monasticism also emphasized family spirit and discouraged all private ventures.

Wannsee conference, was it the place where the final solution was Research Paper

Wannsee conference, was it the place where the final solution was decided - Research Paper Example Essentially, Hitler’s regime had decided to exterminate the entire global population of the Jews. This would be the second time the Jews were facing persecution in Europe. The first significant period of persecution has to be the period of the Black Deaths. This is the time when they were perceived to be the ones accountable for the extensive spread of the plague. Apparently, they achieved this by poisoning the water. During this period, the Jews were suffering the persecutions as the only victims of continental rage. However, during the Holocaust, aside from the Jews, the disabled, the homosexuals, gypsies and at times twins were the recipients of these persecutions. These cleansing expeditions by the Nazis resulted in approximately six million deaths. This is aside from the emotional torture that it subjected to those who were lucky enough not to die. The extensive damage to the human race attributed to the Holocaust is as a result of proper planning by a team of German inte llectuals. The meeting in which they designed and formulated the strategy of this genocide is referred to as the Wannsee Conference. It is the ambition of this paper to give an extensive view of this Conference. This will be realized through the study of seven texts that focus on this Conference. Analysis Gerlach, Christina. "The Wannsee Conference, the Fate of German Jews, and Hitler's Decision in Principle to Exterminate All European Jews." The Journal Of Modern History, 1998: 759-812. The Wannsee Conference has been highlighted as the place where the decision of cleansing Europe of Jews took place. However, what has not been highlighted upon is the political pressure that had characterized Germany prior to the Holocaust. Gerlach illustrates this by stating the political pressure Hitler faced: â€Å" Hitler was reacting to political impulses and initiatives that originated from within the administration and within the party apparatus.†1 According to the author, the Conferen ce had not been mandated with the extermination of the entire Jewish population rather, the Conference had been purposed to decide on who to classify as a Jew. This is crucial given the fact that the Holocaust persecuted not only the Jews, but the homosexuals, the gypsies, the disabled and t extreme levels also twins. This is a rather astounding given the fact that the initial decision was only to cleanse Europe of Jews. The world has over time insinuated that Hitler acted alone in his narcissistic acts of dehumanization. However, Gerlach gives evidence that the political structure of Germany was all a long instrumental in the actions. She writes of the actions of Hitler in deporting the eastern Jews as being as direct urging by the political structure. Author cites documents that are believed to have originated from the Hitler administration showing aliasing of ideas on how to deal, best, with the Jewish community. In light of this, the fact that the idea of exterminating the was d irectly and only from the Hitler becomes suspect. The Conference proceedings were established with the primary motive of deliberating on vital political and economic issues that were pertinent to Germany at the time. To give additional evidence of the vital nature of the Conference, the author illustrates that Hitler approved the deportation of the Jews2. If he was the one who orchestrated all the terrors that were realized due to this continental discrimination, then he would have simply carried

Innovation and Change Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words - 1

Innovation and Change - Assignment Example Analoui and Karami (2003, p. 25) defined SMEs as one that has only a small share of its concerned market and is managed in a personalized way by its owner or part-owner, but not through a medium of an elaborate management system. SMEs are not sufficiently large to get access to the capital market for publically issuing of securities.   Researchers used different constructs such as annual sales, number of employees, value added, value of assets, annual profits etc to define and explain SMEs. Out of these constructs, number of employees and annual sales are most often used to delimit the category of SMEs. For most researchers, a small to medium sized firm is one that employs no more than 250 persons and is having annual sales of not more than  £50 million (Analoui and Karami, 2003, p. 26).   According to OECD, SMEs are non-subsidiary and independent firms that employ less than a given number of people. The most frequent upper limit to categorize a SME is 250 employees (OECD, 2000 , p. 7). The Small Business Administration in the United States has fixed certain criteria to delimit the size of a SMEs. According to these criteria, SMEs are those that employ less than 500 people, although it may be as high as 1500 in some circumstances (Akcay and Soylemez, 2009, p. 215). Importance of SMEs to the economy  SMEs play significant role in the economy mainly because they represent a vast majority of all the firms in many economies in terms of absolute numbers. As Bhaird (2010, p. 2) noted, more than 99 percent of enterprises in the US.

A Clockworkwork Orange (1971 movie) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

A Clockworkwork Orange (1971 movie) - Essay Example Besides, the director makes use of the characters as his mouthpiece to communicate with the viewers. Thesis statement: An investigation to unearth the scope of the problems faced by human beings, within the film A Clockwork Orange by Stanley Kubrick. Plot summary The plot revolves around the protagonist Alex DeLarge, who is an outlaw and a member of a gang involved in anti-social activities. The film unveils the near future social life in London. But Stuart Y. McDougal states that â€Å"When A clockwork orange appeared in 1971, it was attacked as an unmediated celebration of the violent young self, as a provocation to youthful viewers to imitate what they saw on the screen† (19). As pointed out, Alex represents the gangs in London. After stealing a car, Alex attempts to rape a lady. This incident distracts the members of Alex’s gang but they are helpless to revolt against him. This encourages Alex and leads him to further crimes. At last, Alex was sentenced to lifetime imprisonment (say, 14 years). Within the prison system, Alex was forced to undergo experimentation to reduce social crimes. The Ludivico technique of conditioning, under the supervision of the Minister of the Interior transformed Alex to a new individual. This is the core aspect of the film A Clockwork Orange by Stanley Kubrick.

Tottenham Hotspur PLC Essay Example for Free

Tottenham Hotspur PLC Essay Introduction The given case study is mainly concerned with the management decisions that are considered by the chairman of Tottenham Hotspur Football Club, Mr. Daniel Levy, in order to generate a steeper rise in revenues for the club. The major investments in question are the construction of a new stadium that is almost twice the present capacity, an improved practice facility and further improvement of the team through desired player acquisitions. But, Tottenham being a publicly owned club need to justify the time and resources that would be at stake in order to undertake this project. The four major sources of revenue for the team include the number of fans attending the match, the sponsorship rights it receives from other companies, the sale of club merchandise and its broadcast rights sold to television channels. By building a new stadium, which has an estimated cost of 250 million spread over the next two years, Tottenham hopes to increase the current capacity of 36500 people to 60000 fans per match. This is estimated to increase the revenues through attendance by 40 percent and considerable merchandise sale as well. The club also plans on investing in better practise facility and better players, thus increasing the odds of winning matches. This would not only increase the revenues from the matches but also increase the sponsorship amounts by 20 percent at the same time hiking the demandable price for broadcast rights. The collective rise in revenue is estimated to be around 9 percent. Body Decision Criteria 1. Joseph Lewis is a majority stake holder in the firm; the only one with greater that 3 percent stakeholding. He can be expected to work solely in favour of appreciation of his share value. His company ENIC has 82 percent  overall beneficial interest in the club. One needs to determine whether this would negatively affect the decisions made by him. 2. Daniel Levy and Joseph Lewis were former partners at ENIC from 2001 to 2007 and once ENIC had a large majority in Tottenham Hotspur, in early 2008 Daniel Levy decides to make this radical change in the club. He further went on to claim that it is not just about the money but a long term prosperity of the club. We must however, consider the fact  that he had to his advantage a prior experience managing a Scottish Football Club called Rangers 3. The magnitude of risk posed by the assumptions made by Levy must also be considered to judge whether the investment is profitable. 4. A quantitative analysis of the investment including the computation of various factors such as the Cost of Capital, NPV, IRR, DCF analysis, etc can point towards the right direction 5. By calculating the percentage of games won over a period of 2004 to 2007 and comparing it to the market reaction towards the shares of Tottenham Hotspur we can make decision about what factors negatively affected the market; whether it was an external matter or something related to Tottenham hotspur itself. Assumptions 1. The predictions made about the future growth of revenue with respect to the predicted inflation of the country. 2. Operating expenses are based on historical data of other clubs. So, we need to analyse reasons why that might not project the right image of the future for Tottenham 3. Changing the players may not automatically improve performance of the team and hence may not lead to as many wins as expected and hence the growth in revenues through sponsorships and merchandise may be stunted.

Consumer Behaviour of Brazilians to detergents

Consumer Behaviour of Brazilians to detergents Consumer behaviour is a process where individuals or groups go through to select, purchase, use and dispose of goods, services, ideas or experiences to satisfy their needs and desires (Solomon, Marshall, Stuart, Barnes and Mitchell, 2009). The major question for any company: How do consumers respond to various marketing efforts the company might use? The following diagram shows that the marketing and stimuli enter the consumers Black Box (consumers mind) and produce certain responses. Fig 1: Stimulus response model of buyer behaviour Consumer behaviours are influenced strongly by cultural, social, personal and psychological characteristics as shown below: Fig 2: Factors influencing consumer behaviour (Source: Philip Kotler, Gary Armstrong, Veronica Wong John Saunders, Principles of Marketing, 1999) Culture: Culture is the most basic value of a persons wants and behaviour. In Unilever case at Brazil, the clothes are washed more frequently in NE than SE approx. 5 times a week against 3.9 times. Most of the women at NE are housewives and they took this activity of washing clothes as pleasurable activities. There is one more reason that the women at NE mostly do their washing in a public laundry, river or pond because it gives them an opportunity to become social, meet their friends where at SE mostly women do their washing at home alone. The people at NE also attach the cleanliness as a symbolic value to their status. Due to the cultural differences and washing methods, the laundry soap consumption at NE per buyer is 20.4 kg against only 6.8 kg of SE. On the contrast, there was very less difference between the consumption of detergent powders between NE and SE, only 1.5 kg per buyer. (refer to exhibit 3) Social Class: Social classes are societys relatively permanent and ordered divisions whose member share similar values, interests and behaviours. In Brazil there are 5 social classes based on the income as: A, B, C, D and E (E+ E-). As per exhibit 2, only 21% population of SE is E class compared to 53% of NE. So the most of the population at NE are low income consumers. Generally the lower social class people are more culture-bound which shows their behaviour of buying detergents. Family: Family members can strongly influence buyer behaviour. The buyers spouse and children has a direct influence on everyday buying behaviour. In case of Brazil, majority of NE women see the cleanliness of clothes as an indication of the dedication of the mother to her family in spite of washing through laundry soap requires an intensive labour. This fact influences the consumer to buy the different detergents mostly laundry soaps at Brazil. Most of the families with washing machine prefer to buy detergent powder (there only 28% household own the washing machine at NE) instead of laundry soap. Economic Situation: A persons economic situation will affect product choice which is clearly visible at Brazil. The low income consumers of NE would like to buy Omo, the best brand of the market but their tight budget leads them to buy cheaper local brands from the nearby small shops. Perception and Beliefs: In Brazil, the consumers (primarily low income) evaluate the detergent against the six key attributes as shown in exhibit 6 along with price. Since Campeiro scored very low on all the attributes and resulted with only 6% of market share. The consumers of NE are very particular about the various attributes of detergents like power of the detergent (its ability to clean and whiten clothes with a small quantity of product) judged by the quantity of foam it produced. The low income consumers are also very much attached with boxes and regarded anything else as good for only second-rate products. The major factors which influence the consumer behaviour are discussed above. Most large companies also research consumer buying decisions which are closely related with the factors of consumer behaviour. A typical buyer decision process can be shown as below: Fig:3 Buyer Decision Process Model (Source: Philip Kotler, Gary Armstrong, Veronica Wong John Saunders, Principles of Marketing, 1999) In the given case, the purchase of detergent is a regular purchase for any family. Since the most of the families owned a washing machine at SE, so they are much focussed to buy the detergent powder. At NE only 28% households own the washing machine. The important fact here is that both the consumers of NE and SE are well aware about the brand and recognises Omo as the best detergent powder in the market. But at NE, approx 53% consumers cant afford to buy the Omo due to their low-income. The Northeasterns are also not fond of shopping at big retails like Wal-Mart, instead of they prefer to buy the detergent from the near buy shops. As per the details provided in the case, it seems that the Unilever brand is not available in 75000 small store of NE where the products of their competitors are available. In this situation, the consumers have limited option to buy. Answer 1 (ii) The market in terms of the main brands/players and their strategies At present in the NE detergent market, there are only two major players- Unilever and Procter Gamble. There are a few local players are also available in the market but mostly they are in the laundry soap market. Unilever is a US$56 billion company, headquartered in London (UK) with 300,000 employees in more than 150 countries. Unilever started its operation in 1929 and now become a pioneer of the consumer goods industry in Brazil. Unilever launched the first detergent powder as Omo in the Brazilian market. As mentioned in the case, Unilever is a market leader in the detergent powder category, having 81% of market share with three brands: Omo (one of the Brazils favourite brand) Minerva (Only brand sold as both detergent powder and laundry soap) Campeiro (Unilevers cheapest brand) Omo is a premium product with 52% of market share at a price of $3/kg. The main USP of Omo is the high ability to remove stains. Minerva is relatively cheaper brand as compare to Omo with 17% share in the detergent powder at a price of $2.4/kg. Minerva is the only Unilever brand which is competing with local brands in laundry soap market and is the market leader. In the laundry soap market Minerva have 19% share at a price of $1.7/kg. On the other hand, Procter Gamble is a US$40 billion company, headquartered in Cincinnati (US) with 98,000 employees in 80 countries. PG entered in the Brazilian market in 1988 and acquired the detergent business of a Brazilian company named as Bombril and its three brands: Quonto (migrated as Ace) Odd Fases (migrated as Bold) Pop (low-price brand) PG is the second player with 15% share of the Brazilian detergent market. Ace is the main brand of PG and competitor to Unilever products (Omo and Minerva) with 11% share in the detergent powder market at a price of $2.4/kg. The other products of PG have only 6% share of the market at a price of $2.3/kg. PG did not manufacture laundry soap. At present the NE detergent powder market worth of US$106 million is growing with a remarkable annual rate of 17%. Since the manufacturing process is very capital intensive, so the entry barrier is very high in this market. On the contrary, the laundry soap market worth of US$102 millions is growing at a slower annual rate of 6%. Since the production of soap is very cheap, thus there are low barriers to entry. Currently PG are targeting towards the low-income consumers of the NE market. PG drawing on worldwide RD and marketing expertise is closing up and will attack to this segment. There were also threats of small local brands targeted at low-income consumers. Unilever is also looking to explore the growth opportunities in the detergent market to low-income consumers of NE. But Unilever is facing some internal resistance from Mr. Fernanda Machado (Category Manager for detergents). Answer 1(iii) Present situation of Unilever and its Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats With the data available in the case study, the Unilever SWOT analysis is as below: Table :1 SWOT Analysis Answer 2 Strategy for Unilever in Brazil Unilever would follow the Target Marketing Strategy (Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning) strategy for the low-income consumers in Brazil. The following diagram explains the various steps involved Target- marketing process: Source: Solomon, Marshall, Stuart, Barnes and Mitchell Marketing: Real People, Real Decisions 1st European Editions Fig: 4 Steps in the Targeting Marketing Strategy Segmentation: The detergent market at Brazil is already segmented into two parts: High Income consumers living at Southeast Low income consumers living at Northeast The Northeast market could be classified under Geodemography segment due to most of the consumers have low income and share similar characteristics. Targeting: Detergent Market segment is registering a 17% annual growth in Brazil and there is a big potential market in NE with 48 M of Low Income consumers. The Purchasing power of the low income consumers has increased by 27%. Positioning: Here Unilever had to develop a strategy for the target segment with a product that meets the consumers requirement and expectations. Based on the current situation as mentioned in the case, I feel that the Unilever has the following options to penetrate the low income consumers at Brazil: Option 1- Unilever could reposition the Minerva further down market in relation to Omo Brand Option 2- Unilever could re-launch of the Campeiro as a low-cost brand Option 3- Unilever could develop a cheaper version of the Omo brand Option 4- Unilever can create a new Brand or launch a new brand from its portfolio in Brazil. Option 1 will be less costly option to implement by Unilever since Minerva brand is already present in the mind of Brazilian consumers. But I feel that it was not well positioned in the market. Minerva is a product target to the middle income consumers and there was no details mentioned in the case about them. Thus repositioning Minerva to further down for low income consumers will reduce its market share from 17% (refer Exhibit 7) to even lower therefore it will create a new opportunity for other competitors in the market. Option 2 will become costly and ineffective for Unilever because already Campeiro is recognized as a low cost and low quality product (with ref. to exhibit 8). Hence changing the image of Campeiro in consumers (low income) mind will take a very long time to achieve. Option 3 could not be implemented by Unilever because Omo is a high quality and high price product (ref. to exhibit 5, 7, 8 9). It would also create confusion between the two version of Omo (High quality and the cheaper version) in the detergent powder market. There is also a possibility that the consumers of Southeast also start consuming the cheaper version on Omo and it will lead towards the reduced sale of High quality Omo. So Unilever should not attempt to develop a cheaper version of Omo. Option 4 based on the SWOT analysis (refer table 1, Page no. 7); Unilever could plan to develop a new product for the low income consumers. Since Unilever is having a very vast range of detergent brands. So instead of investing to develop a new product, Unilever might also choose a product from its Latin America portfolio, a brand which satisfies the needs of low income consumers with in Brazil. Unilever can use either of PULL or PUSH strategy in order to penetrate the Low income consumer market of Northeast Brazil. The Push strategy: There was no doubt that the best detergent available on the Brazilian market is Omo. With ref to the exhibit 7, Unilever dont have any competitor for their Omo brand being the costliest product in the detergent powder market. As per option4, Unilever should introduce the extension of Minerva Brand instead of developing a new brand. The extension of Minerva brand as Minerva Blue 10/10; with more cleaning power while retaining the fragrance and less emphasis on softness; packaged in the cardboard boxes. Now the following Marketing Mix should be implemented to penetrate the Northeast market: Minerva Blues target groups are the low income consumers who buy local brands and detergents from the small stores located in Northeast. The Marketing Mix for PUSH strategy is as below: Product: The Minerva Blue would be packaged in two sizes 1 Kg and 500 g. The Minerva Blue would be designed attractively so that the even illiterate consumers can recognize it very easily. The packaging should be designed in such a way that it would be easy to open and also protect the powder from humidity. Price: The price of Minerva Blue should be cheaper than Campeiro. Unilever have to identify a cheaper packaging formula so that it can reduce the whole sale price of Minerva Blue below than Campeiro. Unilever could use the following approach to price the Minerva Blue: Formulation cost: $ 1.00 Packaging cost: $ 0.30 Promotional cost: $ 0.30 Distribution cost: $ 0.05 Total cost: $ 1.65 Place: As per the details mentioned in the given case, Northeasterns are not in favor to shop from big outlets, they prefer to shop from small stores. The big issue is that Unilever detergents are absent from 75,000 stores in Northeast where the products of other competitors like PG and as well as local brands are available. Distribution of the products in Northeast is the major weakness of Unilever. In order to cover all the 75,000 small stores of Northeast, Unilever should have to introduce its own units of vans, visiting every single store trying to list all Unilever detergent brands. Unilever could also distribute its Minerva Blue brand in SE, as per exhibit 2, approx 21% of the population of Southeast is in class E. Promotion: Since the consumers of Northeast are buying from the nearby small stores. Thus Unilever should focus to have promotions and visibility of their products in those stores. The promotion should be in such a way that when a consumer entered into a small store must realize that the Unilever had created a brand Minerva Blue only for him, his own version of Omo. Unilever could follow the conventional methods of advertising ATL (Above the Line) campaign to deliver the right message to the low income consumers through media such as television, radio, print and banners to promote its brand. As per the given details, the Brazilians are avid television watchers irrespective of their income. Unilever could also promote their product in popular parties of Northeast like Carnival, Forro Festivals and Maracatu. The low income consumers might be reluctant to buy a product advertised as FOR LOW INCOME PEOPLE, because it gives a message of inferior quality product. So Unilever should never use in an ATL communication the term of FOR LOW INCOME PEOPLE . Pull strategy: With ref. to the case, there are total 7 products in the detergent powder market where 75% of market share captured by Unilever through its 3 products all combined: Omo, Minerva and Campeiro (ref. to exhibit 7). Thus introduction of a new product from its portfolio will create cannibalization for Unilever. The same concern is also raised by Mr. Fernanda. So instead of introducing a new brand in the market, Unilever should focus to expand its detergent powder market share by adding new consumers. This can be achieved only by pushing the low income consumers to buy Unilever products. In other words, upgrade the laundry soap consumers to detergent powder consumers. The marketing MIX for PULL strategy is as below: Product: Unilever had to promote their all 3 brands: Omo, Minerva and Campeiro in the small stores of Northeast. Promotion: The promotion strategy would remain same as PUSH strategy. On top of that in store promotions are very important. Unilever could offer a very attractive offer to the low income consumer which insist the NE population to buy the Unilever products like Buy 1 Campeiro and get one free or can earn some points which could lead them to get a free Omo etc. The above strategy will attract new consumers for detergent powders. Simultaneously Unilever could also signup business contracts to promote the Unilever products with the Washing machine dealers. So whenever any consumer buys a new washing machine the dealer would suggest them to use only the Unilever Brand detergent powders. Place: The distribution strategy could be the same as mentioned in the PULL Strategy. In addition to that, Unilever should ensure that in any small store their all 3 brands must be available at any moment with different SKU which gives an opportunity to the capable consumers to upgrade themselves for high price detergents. Unilever should also ensure that if the small store owners/managers can offer an exclusive section of Unilever products where only Unilever products are available. So in such case consumer dont have any options to buy any other detergent. Price: Currently Campeiro is the only brand focused to low income consumers which is available for $ 1.70 to retailers compare to its actual cost $ 1.45. Thus at wholesale price Unilever is able to have the margin of approximately 17%. Hence Unilever could reduce its margin by redefining the formula of Campeiro which could add some more attribute as per the need of NE consumers like clean and whiten clothes with a small quantity with good quantity of foam, add some perfume etc. Conclusion: Being the low income consumers doesnt affect their brand conscious. These consumers are always looking for good and reliable quality product at a fair price. These consumers might not be able to afford the best brand of the market, but they do see the high price of such products as an indication of value. More than three-quarters of the global population is low income, and many of them have been historically beyond the reach of organized retailers. In the given case study of Brazilian Fabric Wash Market, the population of Northeast is well aware about the Unilever Brand: Omo but due to high price they cant afford it. To serve low-income consumers successfully, Unilever must first account for their lower purchasing power. To penetrate the Low income market, Unilever might use the concept of 4 As as below: Promote offering through mix of outlets Reduce Cost to serve Shorten Supply Chain Select and support retailers Localize sourcing Reduce packaging size for low price per unit Focus development on customers Employ innovative thinking to meet Fig: 4As Diagram Sources: Jame Andereson, Net Blog Serving the worlds Poor, Innovation at the base of Economic Pyramid Based on the above discussion of PUSH and PULL strategies, PULL strategy would give the result in a longer term but the PUSH strategy would give the result immediately. So I would recommend PUSH strategy as the Best Strategy for Unilever in Brazil. In the short term, Money need to be invested and therefore diverted from premium brands to low price brand. It gives Unilever a momentum and advantage in a fast growing market. With the right strategy, low income consumers will be ready to pay for a new brand and Omo buyers will not move which will make Unilever a leader in low-income consumer marketing.